Chapter 1 - Development
In Chapter 1 of Vidyakul CBSE Notes Class 10 Economics, you begin to understand the topic of development. In high school, you learn more about development issues. In this chapter you will find answers to many questions such as: What should the country be? What are the main things we need? Can everyone's life be better? How should people live together? Can there be more equality? The answers to these questions can be found not only in economics, but also in history and political science. Because the way we live today depends on the past.
For an overview of this chapter and the topics discussed, see Vidyakul CBSE Notes Class 10 Economics Chapter 1 - Development. You can also download these CBSE notes in pdf format for offline study.
Development Commitments - Different People, Different Goals
Different people may have different development goals. It may be development for one person, but not development for another. It can be fatal to others.
Income and Other Goals
People want more income. Money, or the things it can buy, is one of the elements on which our lives depend. But the quality of our lives also depends on intangibles such as equal treatment, freedom, safety and respect for others. For development, people consider a combination of goals. Development goals are not only about increasing income, but also about other important things in life.
National Development
Different people may have conflicting ideas about national development. How do you compare different countries or states? Income is considered one of the most important attributes when comparing countries. High-income countries are more developed than low-income countries.
Different countries have different populations, so comparing total incomes doesn't tell you how much the average person earns. So let's compare average income by country.
Average income is the total income of a country divided by its total population. Also known as income per capita.
Average Income = Country's Total Income / Country's Total Population
World Development Reports use per capita income to classify countries. Countries with a per capita income of $12,056 or more in 2017 are called rich countries. Countries with a per capita income of less than $955 are called low-income countries. Example: India.
Income and Other Criteria
When thinking about a country or region, utilities are an equally important attribute other than average income.
Public Utilities: Services provided by the government to citizens. Critical public facilities include infrastructure, sanitation, public transportation, health care, water supply, and more.
Sustainable Development
Sustainable development is defined as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations. Scientists warn that current types and levels of development are not sustainable. Some examples are:
- Excessive use of groundwater
- Depletion of natural resources
Frequently asked Questions on CBSE Class 10
What is ‘per capita income’?
Per capita income is a measure of the amount of income earned per person in a nation or geographic region.
What are some of the public facilities in India?
Some of the public facilities in India are schools, healthcare, colleges, electricity, sanitation, public transport, safe drinking water, etc.
What are the advantages of Sustainable development?
1. Secure and proper lifestyle for future generations
2. Reduces various kinds of pollution on Earth
3. Economic growth and development
