UP Board Class 12th English-Prose – Chapter 5: Handwritten Notes of Indigo
"Indigo" is an essay by Louis Fischer that recounts the struggle of the Indian farmers led by Mahatma Gandhi against the British colonial rule, focusing on the indigo planters' movement in Bengal. The essay highlights the oppression faced by the farmers, who were forced to grow indigo on their land, and how Gandhi’s leadership helped them fight for their rights, ultimately leading to a significant victory. Through this narrative, Fischer emphasizes the power of non-violent resistance and the importance of justice and equality.
Key Points
The Condition of Farmers:
- The farmers in Bengal were forced by the British landlords to grow indigo on a significant portion of their land, which could have been used for growing food crops. This practice left them in poverty, as they were not allowed to grow enough food to sustain themselves.
The Oppressive System:
- The farmers were exploited under an unjust system where they were compelled to grow indigo for a meager price. They were bound by a contract that was unfair and often manipulated, leading to severe economic distress.
Gandhi’s Leadership:
- Mahatma Gandhi, upon hearing about the plight of the farmers, visited the region and led a movement against the British planters. Gandhi encouraged the farmers to unite, and he emphasized the power of non-violent protest to assert their rights.
The Role of Non-Violence:
- Gandhi’s approach to resolving the issue was based on non-violence (Ahimsa) and truth (Satya). He led the farmers in a peaceful demonstration, asking them to refuse growing indigo unless they were paid a fair price and treated with respect.
The Victory of the Farmers:
- Due to the pressure of Gandhi’s movement and the farmers' non-violent resistance, the British authorities were forced to negotiate. Eventually, they agreed to the farmers’ demands, which marked a significant victory for the peasants.
Impact of the Movement:
- The success of the Indigo movement inspired further protests against British rule and fueled the larger freedom struggle in India. It also demonstrated the effectiveness of peaceful resistance in bringing about social and political change.
Conclusion
"Indigo" is a powerful narrative that showcases the impact of Gandhi’s leadership in addressing social injustices. Through the indigo planters’ movement, the story underscores the significance of non-violent resistance in challenging oppressive systems. Gandhi’s ability to unite the farmers and guide them to a victory against exploitation becomes a symbol of the strength of collective action, truth, and non-violence in the face of adversity. This essay highlights the moral triumph of justice over oppression, emphasizing the importance of equality and human dignity.
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