The chapter 7 of Class 12 Biology is related to Evolution. Like all other chapters in NCERT textbooks, after Chapter 7, students are given exercises to solve. Students preparing for competitive exams and board exams can refer to NCERT notes for Biology Chapter 7 for their preparation and analysis. These practice questions make it easy for students to understand the concepts.
In addition, subject matter experts at VidyaKul have provided clarifications for more than 50 concepts, such as development of life forms, human development, biological development, and more.
Points to Remember
To score well in the Class 12 Biology exam and achieve excellent results, students can focus on the following points:
- Development is often studied as the origin and evolution of life forms on Earth.
- Development provides answers to questions such as how humans appeared on Earth and how different types of organisms are found in different habitats.
- Primitive life forms could have been unicellular organisms that lived in water. These unicellular organisms eventually evolved into larger organisms over millions of years.
- According to the Big Bang theory, the expansion of the observable universe began with a small, initial "super-atom" on a large scale and started with a violent explosion.
- Homologous structures are found in forms that show divergent evolution, demonstrating "divergent development."
- Analogous structures are physically distinct and unrelated structures that perform similar functions.
- Vestigial structures are underdeveloped and non-functional structures that resemble fully developed and functional structures in related organisms.
- Molecular evidence, by identifying conservation in DNA and protein sequences, emphasizes the importance of determining evolutionary relationships.
Subject and Subtopics
Genetics, based on the inheritance of genetic material, is one of the most interesting chapters. Students who have passed the genetics section in previous classes may enjoy this chapter. Some concepts may be difficult for students, so they can practice accordingly.
NCERT notes for Chapter 7 of Class 12 Biology cover topics such as DNA, RNA, replication, transcription, translation, and more. By referring to these materials, students can get ahead with practice questions in each of these subjects. In this way, they will be able to learn in a short time by referring to these resources.
Order of Contents
Subject Subtopic
7.1 DNA
7.2 Genetic Variation
7.3 RNA World
7.4 Replication
7.5 Transcription
7.6 Translation
7.7 Genetic Code
7.8 Gene Expression Regulation
7.9 Human Genome Project
7.10 Deoxyribonucleic Acid Fingerprinting
Frequently Asked Questions
Question 1: What is 'divergent evolution'?
Answer: Divergent evolution is the rapid growth of species with a common ancestor.
Question 2: What is meant by 'genetic variation'?
Answer: Genetic variation refers to the random fluctuations in allele frequencies in a population from one generation to the next due to chance events.
Question 3: What is an 'allele'?
Answer: An allele is one of two or more versions of a gene that are located at a specific position on a chromosome.
Practice Questions
Question: Write a brief description of development.
Question: List the 5 mechanisms of development.
Question: Explain Charles Darwin's theory of evolution.
Question: What is 'analogous structures'? Explain with an example.
Please let me know if you need further assistance or if you have any more questions.
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